Announcements
Next Meeting Presentation
Jan. 10, 2026 (Second Saturday)An Equus Dominated Middle Irvingtonian Site Dr. Bob Sinibaldi and Joseph Branin
(or Joe and Dr. Bob Go Diving)
7PM IN-PERSON CLUB MEETING at USF Behavioral Science Room #103
About half a million years ago, several horses, sloths, armadillos
and other animals fell into a sinkhole in Florida’s Big Bend region
and died. Over time, sediment filled the pit, preserving the animals
until fossil collectors Dr. Bob Sinibaldi and Joe Branin discovered
them in 2022 while diving in the Steinhatchee River.
The tannin-filled water makes visibility extremely poor. “It’s like
diving in coffee,” Dr. Bob explained. After an unproductive day of
hunting, Joe spotted horse teeth, followed by a hoof core and a
tapir skull. The discoveries quickly multiplied, many in pristine condition.
“It wasn’t just quantity, it was quality,” Dr. Bob said.
As the Steinhatchee River slowly shifted course over thousands of
years, it eventually eroded into the ancient sinkhole, washing fossils
onto the riverbed. Paleontologists at the Florida Museum of Natural History
determined the fossils date to the middle Irvingtonian, a
poorly documented period of the Pleistocene ice ages. Before this
discovery, only one Florida site had yielded fossils from this time
period.
“The fossil record everywhere is lacking this interval,” says Rachel
Narducci of the Florida Museum. The site helps fill a major evolutionary gap,
particularly for animals that changed size and form
during this period.
One example is the extinct armadillo-like genus Holmesina. Earlier
species averaged 150 pounds, while later ones grew to nearly 475
pounds. Fossils from the site show animals with the larger body
size but older skeletal features, revealing that size increased before
bone structure adapted.
Roughly three-quarters of the 552 fossils recovered so far belong to
early caballine horses. Their abundance suggests the area was once
open grassland, unlike today’s wooded landscape. The horse fossils
are unusually complete, allowing scientists to study teeth and diet
in ways rarely possible.
The site also produced an unusual tapir skull with mixed features.
While it may represent a new species, researchers say more material is needed.
Dr. Richard Hulbert emphasized that the discovery highlights the
importance of collaboration between hobby collectors and scientists.
Further excavation will be slow due to the underwater conditions, but
researchers believe many more fossils remain to be uncovered.
Come to the January 10 meeting to see Dr. Bob and Joe’s presenta-
tion on this Middle Irvingtonian site and to see some of the fossils
coming out of the location.
Tampa Bay Fossil Chronicles
Hopefully you’ve noticed that TBFC has stepped up its game with the newsletter each month.
Please check out all of the articles in each issue. Only TBFC members receive the Chronicles, we don’t post it online or on Facebook.
Be sure to renew your Fossil
Permits! Never Dig into the River banks! Collection of Artifacts is Illegal on Florida state owned land!



